Monday, March 16, 2026

The NEW York TİMES Live Updated March 16, 2026, 4:12 p.m. ET23 minutes ago - Iran War Live Updates: Trump Disparages Allies for Rebuffing His Requests for Military Assistance

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Iran War Live Updates: Trump Disparages Allies for Rebuffing His Requests for Military Assistance

“We don’t need anybody,” the president declared, even as he said several countries had agreed to help reopen the Strait of Hormuz. The Israeli military escalated ground attacks against Iran-backed Hezbollah in Lebanon.

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Here’s the latest.

President Trump on Monday disparaged U.S. allies that he said had relied too long — and too expensively — on American defense, as several of those countries have declined to meet his call to send warships to escort merchant vessels in and out of the Persian Gulf.

“We don’t need anybody; we’re the strongest nation in the world,” Mr. Trump said. He suggested his request for assistance in reopening the Strait of Hormuz instead amounted to a loyalty test of America’s allies. “I’m almost doing it in some cases not because we need them but because I want to find out how they react,” he said.

Referring to countries that have rebuffed, or reacted coolly, to his appeal for ships, Mr. Trump said he had long believed that “if we ever needed help, they won’t be there for us,” and they were proving his point. He added, “You mean for 40 years we’re protecting you and you don’t want to get involved in something that’s very minor?” noting that Europe, Japan and others depend on oil from the Persian Gulf far more than the United States does.

Even so, Mr. Trump said that “numerous countries have told me that they’re on the way.” But asked to name them, he replied, “I’d rather not say yet, but we’ll be announcing them.”

The sharpest refusal to his belated effort to build an international coalition against Iran came Monday from Germany, whose defense minister, Boris Pistorius, said, “This is not our war; we did not start it.” Top officials of Japan, Italy and Australia said Monday that their countries would not participate in efforts to reopen the Strait of Hormuz.

The European Union will not expand maritime operations in the region to protect traffic through the strait, said its top diplomat, Kaja Kallas. “This is not Europe’s war, but Europe’s interests are directly at stake,” she said.

Others were noncommittal, including France, South Korea and Britain, whose prime minister, Keir Starmer, said his country would not be “drawn into wider war.

As Iran blockades most traffic through the oil shipping choke point, Mr. Trump’s call on social media on Saturday for other nations to join the United States in an escort effort was the first time he had sounded eager to build a broad coalition against Iran. But he was asking for backup from allies he had not consulted ahead of the U.S.-Israeli decision to go to war, and whom he had derided as freeloaders again on Monday.

The American-Israeli air war against Iran, now in its third week, has killed more than 2,000 people, mostly in Iran and Lebanon, and has drawn in much of the Middle East. Iran has launched rockets and drones at neighboring countries and at ships in the Gulf, and global energy prices have skyrocketed. The price of Brent crude, the global benchmark for oil, briefly reached $106 on Monday, before falling back to about $100.

The United States appears to have been unprepared for the extent of Iran’s retaliation and the need to protect merchant ships and giant oil tankers from attack — something that administration officials have discussed publicly since the first week of the war, but has not yet begun. Adm. Brad Cooper, the head of U.S. Central Command, in a video update on Monday, did not offer details on how the United States would reopen the strait

Here’s what else we are covering:

  • Attacks in Lebanon: There are few signs that the conflict is easing. Israel’s defense minister, Israel Katz, said that its forces had launched a “ground maneuver” in southern Lebanon, adding to fears that a broader invasion may be coming. More than 800,000 people in Lebanon have fled their homes. The Israelis said on Monday they had launched a “broad wave” of attacks across Iran.

  • China summit: Karoline Leavitt, the White House press secretary, said President Trump’s trip to China later this month may be delayed because of the war against Iran, a new sign of how the conflict is casting a shadow over the relationship between the world’s two biggest economies.

  • Death toll: At least 1,348 civilians in Iran have been killed since the start of the war, Iran’s U.N. representative told the Security Council last Wednesday, the latest figure the country has provided. In Lebanon, officials said that 886 people had been killed. And in Israel at least 12 people have been killed, according to the authorities. The Pentagon has said that 13 American service members have died since the start of the war.

Joe Rennison

Financial markets reporter

Oil markets fell Monday, with international crude oil futures falling to $100.21 per barrel, down 2.8 percent for the day, but still up nearly 40 percent since the war began. WTI futures, the domestic oil benchmark, fell to $93.50 per barrel on Monday, down 5.3 percent for the day, but still up 40 percent since the war began.

Price of Brent Crude Oil

March 11March 12March 13March 15March 169095100$105 per barrel
Iran War Live Updates: Trump Criticizes Allies for Rebuffing His Appeals for Assistance in Strait of Hormuz - The New York Times

Notes: Data shows future contract prices for Brent crude oil. Data delayed at least 15 minutes.

Source: FactSet.

The New York Times

Joe Rennison

Financial markets reporter

Stock prices rose on Monday, lifted by a drop in oil prices. The S&P 500 ended the day 1 percent higher, but still remains 2.6 percent lower since the beginning of the war with Iran.

Aaron Boxerman

Reporting from Jerusalem

The Israeli military is prepared for at least three more weeks of military operations and “even more if we need to,” said Nadav Shoshani, an Israeli military spokesman. Those remarks, made in a briefing with reporters on Monday, echo the public messaging of Israeli government officials in recent days: to expect the war with Iran and Hezbollah to continue.

Major developments — March 16

The New York Times

Johnatan Reiss and Aaron Boxerman

The Israeli police said multiple sites in the old city of Jerusalem were hit by interceptor and missile fragments, following what Israel said was a missile barrage from Iran on Monday afternoon. Fragments fell in the vicinity of the Al-Aqsa Compound and the Church of the Holy Sepulchre, as well as in the Jewish Quarter, the police said. A spokesman for the Latin Patriarchate in Jerusalem said a fragment landed several hundred feet from the church. At least one person was injured, Magen David Adom, Israel’s rescue service, said.

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Credit...Ilan Rosenberg/Reuters
David M. HalbfingerGabby Sobelman

David M. Halbfinger and 

Reporting from Jerusalem and Rehovot, Israel

Israeli schools begin to reopen in areas that are seen as safer.

Some Israeli schools reopened on Monday in areas the government has deemed relatively safe from missile and rocket attacks, with officials saying that many students were back in class for the first time since the U.S.-Israeli war on Iran began more than two weeks ago.

The reopenings mainly occurred in areas known as the periphery of Israel, far from its most populous cities, and excluding areas near the border with Lebanon, which are under attack in the conflict with Iran and the Iranian-backed militia, Hezbollah. Schools in the Negev desert, near the Gaza border, in settlements in the West Bank, and in some areas surrounding it were given the option by the government to reopen their doors.

Since the war began on Feb. 28, Israel’s roughly one million schoolchildren have been learning remotely, according to the education ministry. Many students have experienced up to about a half-decade of educational disruption, beginning with the coronavirus pandemic and continuing through multiple wars.

Parents in areas that have experienced few alert sirens during the latest conflict have been clamoring for schools to reopen so they can return to work. The government has sought to accommodate them, among other reasons, to minimize the economic costs of the war.

“It’s very important, especially since we really don’t know if the war will finish in a week or in two months,” said Alon Davidi, the mayor of Sderot, a city in southern Israel. Special education classes reopened in Sderot on Monday, as well as kindergarten, first- and second-grade classes in elementary schools and grades 10 to 12 in high school.

The city suffered heavily during the Gaza war, but it has only experienced a handful of sirens in the Iran conflict.

Mr. Davidi said the city hoped to bring even more students back later this week, in consultation with the military, as long as schools have adequate shelter space to protect children and staff during sirens.

“Children need to learn,” Mr. Davidi said in an interview. “And their parents and the economic system need to get back to normal life. And normal life is that children have a few hours in school.”

However, many communities that were given the option to reopen did not.

Among them was the coastal city of Ashkelon. Its mayor, Tomer Glam, said in a note to parents, “We will not take any risks with our children.”

The issue of whether to reopen schools has been fiercely debated. Meir Ben-Shabbat, a former national security adviser to Prime Minister Benjamin Netanyahu, warned in an op-ed on Monday in Israel Hayom, a right-wing daily newspaper, that defining some communities as safe could encourage Iran to target them. Easing restrictions anywhere, he added, could be misinterpreted by the public as a lowering of the threat level everywhere, eroding preparedness.

But the education minister, Yoav Kisch, called the reopenings “the first step in a gradual and responsible process.”

Aaron Boxerman contributed reporting.

Farnaz Fassihi

International reporter

Iran’s new supreme leader Mojtaba Khamenei issued a second statement today saying he would retain all the officials appointed by his slain father. The supreme leader, in addition to being a top religious and political figure, also serves as the commander in chief of the armed forces.

David E. Sanger

White House reporter

Trump returned to the topic of stopping Iran from obtaining a nuclear weapon with some of his strongest language yet. “You can’t let the most violent, vicious country in the last 50 years have a nuclear weapon, because the Middle East will be gone. Israel will go first without question,″ he said, “and they’ll certainly take a shot at us before we get our act together.” The statement was notable because Trump is considering a risky operation to send forces into Isfahan, a city of 2 million people in the center of the country, to recover 970 pounds of near-bomb-grade uranium.

Emmett Lindner

President Trump’s remarks on Monday haven’t moved financial markets much. International oil futures are around $101 a barrel, down slightly for the day. U.S. oil futures are hovering below $95 a barrel. The S&P 500 is up 1 percent, recouping some of its losses from last week.

S&P 500

Today1.01
March 10March 11March 12March 13March 166,6506,7006,7506,800

Note: Data delayed at least 15 minutes.

Source: FactSet.

The New York Times

Jeanna Smialek

Brussels bureau chief

“This is not Europe’s war, but Europe’s interests are directly at stake,” Kaja Kallas, the European Union’s top diplomat, said after meeting with foreign ministers from across the 27-nation bloc in Brussels on Monday. For now, she said, the European Union would not expand a maritime operation in the Middle East to help protect commercial traffic in the Strait of Hormuz.

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Credit...Omar Havana/Reuters
Jeanna Smialek

Brussels bureau chief

Kallas had suggested that expanding Operation Aspides, a maritime effort in the Red Sea, might be the easiest way to help in the Strait of Hormuz. But Germany expressed skepticism before Monday’s E.U. meeting, and other members of the 27-nation bloc seemed to agree. “For the time being, there was no appetite in changing the mandate of the Operation Aspides, for now,” Kallas said.

Anton Troianovski

Foreign policy reporter

Trump lashed out at Keir Starmer, prime minister of Britain. He said Starmer told him on Sunday that “I’m meeting with my team to make a determination” on potentially sending help to re-open the Strait of Hormuz. Trump says he responded: “Why do you have to meet with your team?”

David E. Sanger

White House reporter

President Trump dismissed the idea that Israel would conduct a nuclear strike on Iran. “Israel would never do that,” he said. Israel is believed to possess about 100 nuclear weapons; Iran has none, but the war was predicated, in part, on keeping it from producing nuclear weapons from its stockpile of near-bomb-grade uranium.

Erica L. Green

White House reporter

Asked why, if the U.S. has destroyed all of Iran’s mine-laying ships as Trump claimed, the U.S. can’t immediately reopen the Strait of Hormuz, Trump said: “We could, but it takes two to tango.” He said that the U.S. needed to “get people to take their billion-dollar ship and, you know, drive it up.”

Anton Troianovski

Foreign policy reporter

Trump has been saying repeatedly that other countries will help re-open the Strait of Hormuz — “we’re going to have some good help,” he says. But we still haven’t heard any clear details about which countries have agreed to help and how.

David E. Sanger

White House reporter

“We don’t know who their leader is,” Trump said of Iran. “Look, all of their leaders are dead, as far as we know.” He spoke of reports that Iran’s new supreme leader, Mojtaba Khamenei, who has not appeared in public since he was announced as his father’s successor, is “badly disfigured.” But then he added: “Nobody’s seen him, which is unusual.”

Anton Troianovski

Foreign policy reporter

President Trump said he was open to talks with Iran but quickly added that “we don’t even know their leaders,” because the Iranian officials the United States had known had been killed. He added: “We have people wanting to negotiate. We have no idea who they are.”

Erica L. Green

White House reporter

President Trump, in reprising his gripes with NATO, declared that the U.S. is the reason that the alliance is powerful. “You can ask Putin,” he said. “Putin fears us,” he added, saying, “He has no fear of Europe whatsoever.”

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Credit...Doug Mills/The New York Times
David E. Sanger

White House reporter

On China, President Trump talked again about Beijing’s reliance on oil moving through the Strait of Hormuz. “It always amazed me that we did it,” he said of the U.S. protecting the strait. “We never asked for reimbursement and it was really there to serve other countries, not us.” Then he drifted off and never completed the thought about whether China would provide help in securing the strait.

Anton Troianovski

Foreign policy reporter

Trump says he spoke to President Emmanuel Macron of France on Sunday and says, “I think he’s going to help” with securing the Strait of Hormuz, without explaining how.

David E. Sanger

White House reporter

“We don’t need anybody,” Trump says. “We’re the strongest nation in the world.” He characterized the security of the Strait of Hormuz as a test issue, “because I’ve been saying for years that if we ever did need them, they won’t be there.”

Erica L. Green

White House reporter

President Trump said Secretary of State Marco Rubio will soon provide a list of countries that have signed on to help secure the Strait of Hormuz. Trump said some “are really enthusiastic.” Earlier in his remarks, Trump named other countries — Japan, China, South Korea and “many of the Europeans” — that he said relied on the strait for oil more than the U.S. does, and that the U.S. wanted to help.

David E. Sanger

White House reporter

President Trump declines to say what countries are headed to help with the Strait of Hormuz. But then he goes directly after NATO member countries, saying “they should be jumping to help us.” NATO has not yet formally taken up the issue.

Erica L. Green

White House reporter

President Trump spoke of his frustration with U.S. allies that he has long criticized, and who are now rebuffing his calls to join a coalition to secure the strait, saying that he has always been critical of protecting other countries because, “if we ever needed help, they won’t be there for us.”

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Credit...Doug Mills/The New York Times
Erica L. Green

White House reporter

President Trump, who pressed Gen. Dan Caine, the chairman of the Joint Chiefs of Staff, about why the United States could not immediately reopen the Strait of Hormuz during an Oval Office meeting last week, uses his remarks to assert that he knew all along that the oil route could become a challenge. “I knew about the strait — that it would be a weapon, which I predicted a long time ago,” Trump said.

David E. Sanger

White House reporter

Missing from President Trump’s mocking treatment of the American allies who have been reluctant to contribute forces to escorting ships through the Strait of Hormuz is any discussion of the fact that he did not consult them before he initiated the attacks on Iran. His essential argument is that “we protected them,″ and they are now not willing to help the U.S. with the Iran conflict.

Anton Troianovski

Foreign policy reporter

President Trump veers into praising his relationship with Venezuela — “it’s been great, by the way,” he says. It’s a reminder that Trump launched the war on Iran brimming with confidence after what he saw as his success in January in removing President Nicolás Maduro of Venezuela from power.

Anton Troianovski

Foreign policy reporter

President Trump is now expressing his frustration that some countries — he isn’t naming them — are not enthusiastic about sending forces to help reopen the Strait of Hormuz, a key oil route. “We would rather not get involved, sir,” Trump says, mocking what he says he has heard from world leaders. Of course, Trump entered the war having burned a lot of goodwill among American allies, and he consulted them minimally about going to war with Iran.

Anton Troianovski

Foreign policy reporter

Trump says the United States has hit all 30 of Iran’s mine-laying ships, but warns that Iran could still use other boats to mine the waters of the Persian Gulf. He says it’s not clear if Iran has started laying mines in the Strait of Hormuz. “We don’t know that they have dropped anything,” he says.

Anton Troianovski

Foreign policy reporter

President Trump begins the news conference, saying that the Iranian regime had been “literally obliterated,” an echo of the claims he made after the U.S. bombing of Iran’s nuclear program last summer.

Video
CreditCredit...Associated Press
Christina Goldbaum

Reporting from Beirut, Lebanon

As Israel expands ground assault in southern Lebanon, one strategic town resists.

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A large plume of dark smoke billows from buildings on a hillside. Residential-style structures with red roofs dot the green landscape.
Smoke rises from a strike in Khiam, Lebanon, on Monday.Credit...-/Agence France-Presse — Getty Images

As Israel widens its ground assault in southern Lebanon, the town of Khiam has emerged as a focal point of the escalating offensive.

The town is situated on strategic high ground a few miles north of the border with Israel and has been coveted over decades of conflicts. It has been the site of some of the fiercest clashes between Iran-backed Hezbollah militants and Israeli ground forces as they made incursions into southern Lebanon over the past two weeks.

Israeli troops have not appeared to be able to seize complete control of Khiam and have faced resistance by Hezbollah fighters, residents say. Israel’s ability to do so will be an indicator of the strength of Hezbollah fighters and of how far Israeli forces can push into southern Lebanon.

The New York Times

Khiam is situated on a hilltop overlooking parts of the Upper Galilee in Israel to the south, giving the forces in control of the town a clear view of the surrounding area. It also sits along key roads connecting the interior of southern Lebanon to the towns along the countries’ border as well as the Bekaa Valley in the east, making it a hub for moving forces and transporting supplies to and from other parts of the country.

During the Israeli occupation of southern Lebanon in the 1980s and 1990s, Khiam was one of the most contested towns in the occupied zone and a critical military and logistics base for Israeli forces and their allied militia.

It became home to a notorious military barracks-turned-prison, the Khiam Detention Center, which held hundreds of Lebanese prisoners without trial and was known for its harsh conditions.

When Hezbollah forces took control of the prison in 2000 as Israeli and allied fighters withdrew, it turned Khiam into a powerful symbol of liberation in Lebanon.

Israel went to war with Hezbollah after the group launched rockets at Israeli positions in October 2023 in solidarity with Hamas, another Iran-backed group, which led a deadly attack against Israel that same month that killed about 1,200 people.

The war paused with a cease-fire November 2024, though Israel continued to frequently attack Hezbollah targets in Lebanon after that.

During that 2024 escalation, Israeli forces were unable to reach much deeper into Lebanon than the outskirts of Khiam. It took them weeks to reach the outskirts after clashing repeatedly with Hezbollah forces.

Only days into the current bout of fighting, which erupted this month after Hezbollah fired at Israel to avenge the death of Iran’s supreme leader, Ayatollah Ali Khamenei, Israeli forces neared the town of Khiam at a breakneck pace. Residents say the Israeli forces clashed with Hezbollah fighters and have not yet seized complete control of the town.

The Israeli military did not immediately respond to a request for comment.

To residents, the fighting in the town is a sign of the scale of the war to come.

“I think this war will be much bigger than the last,” Mohammad Hassan, 28, a resident of Khiam who fled to the capital, Beirut, days after the outbreak of war earlier this month.

“We don’t want to lose our homes, our properties,” he added. “We can’t accept a new occupation of the south.”

Ali Watkins

A fifth member of the Iranian soccer team reversed her asylum decision.

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A group of women dressed in matching red long-sleeved shirts, wearing hijabs, walk outside of an airport with luggage.
Members of the Iranian women’s soccer team in Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia, last week.Credit...Hasnoor Hussain/Reuters

A fifth member of Iran’s national women’s soccer team rescinded her claim for asylum in Australia and left the country, the Australian government confirmed on Monday.

Seven members of the Iranian women’s national team had initially sought asylum in Australia, where they had been playing in the Asia Cup Tournament when the United States and Israel began attacking Iran on Feb. 28.

The team had become a cause célèbre — and branded as “traitors” by Tehran — after players elected not to sing the Iranian national anthem during their opening match, in an apparent protest against Iran’s government. The incident raised concerns for the players’ safety if they returned to Iran after the tournament.

The Australian government said it offered humanitarian visas to most of the Iranian delegation, including the players and many members of the support staff. Seven individuals accepted the offer to remain, but five have since changed their minds and opted to return — an indication of the difficult choice they faced between their personal safety and the welfare of family members at home.

Members of the Iranian diaspora in Australia, who say they have been in contact with the players, have said that some players’ families have been harassed by the government back in Iran and prevented from leaving that country.

The Iranian team, aside from the two players who accepted the asylum offer and remained in Australia, boarded a plane in Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia, on Monday night to fly to Oman, The Associated Press reported. On Sunday, the Tasnim news agency, an arm of Iranian state media, posted a photograph of some Iranian players in the Kuala Lumpur airport, where they were smiling and wearing hijabs.

Aaron Boxerman

Reporting from Jerusalem

The Lebanese health ministry has updated its running toll of those killed and wounded in Israel’s military campaign against Hezbollah in Lebanon to at least 886 dead and more than 2,000 injured.

Michael D. Shear

Reporting from London

News Analysis

Europe and the U.K. push back against Trump’s demands.

Video
President Trump on Sunday called on NATO allies to help end the de facto Iranian blockade of the Strait of Hormuz, a key shipping lane for about one-fifth of the world’s oil.

As President Trump’s assault on Iran enters its third week, European leaders are largely resisting his bellicose demands for help in reopening the Strait of Hormuz.

At the same time, they are trying to avoid irreparably damaging their relationship with the United States over their opposition to another war of America’s choosing.

To Mr. Trump, it should hardly be a difficult decision. He views Europe’s action — or inaction — in the face of the strait’s closure as a test of its commitment to the continent’s own security. Sending their navies for what he called a “very small endeavor” is the least that Europe’s presidents and prime ministers can do, Mr. Trump suggested over the weekend.

At an event on Monday at the White House, Mr. Trump complained that some European leaders were not showing their appreciation for everything that the United States had done to protect the continent.

“We have some countries where we have 45,000 soldiers, great soldiers, protecting them from harm’s way, and we have done a great job,” he said. “And well, we want to know, do you have any mine sweepers? ‘Well, we’d rather not get involved, sir.’”

The American president also issued a not-so-veiled warning in an interview with the Financial Times on Sunday, saying that “it will be very bad for the future of NATO” if European nations do not join the United States in its effort to reopen the vital waterway to tankers carrying oil, gas and fertilizer. At Monday’s event, he said: “I think we’re going to have some good help. And I think we’re going to be disappointed in some nations, too.”

“I’ll let you know who those nations are,” he added.

The threat was a continuation of Mr. Trump’s bullying style of diplomacy. During trade negotiations last year, the president repeatedly berated leaders who complained about his tariffs. More recently, he lashed out at Prime Minister Keir Starmer of Britain, essentially accusing him of caution and cowardice. Upon hearing that Mr. Starmer was considering sending naval ships to the Middle East, he mocked the prime minister.

“That’s OK, Prime Minister Starmer, we don’t need them any longer,” Mr. Trump wrote on social media on March 7. “We don’t need people that join Wars after we’ve already won!”

For Mr. Trump’s counterparts around the world, the tricky part of the diplomatic dance is how to react to the president’s whims while meeting the needs of their own countries. Mr. Starmer has arguably been the European leader most eager to please Mr. Trump. And yet, on Monday, he vowed at a news conference that his country “will not be drawn into the wider war” with Iran.

“My leadership is about standing firm for the British interest, no matter the pressure,” Mr. Starmer said without specifically referencing the president. He added that British officials were working with “all of our allies, including our European partners” on what could be done collectively to reopen the Strait.

On Monday, Mr. Trump claimed that “numerous countries have told me they’re on the way,” noting that President Emmanuel Macron of France would most likely help in the Strait of Hormuz and was an eight out of 10. “Not perfect, but it’s France,” he said.

Others are not demonstrating sufficient enthusiasm for his demands, he said.

“For 40 years, we’re protecting you, and you don’t want to get involved,” the president said, mockingly. “I’ve been a big critic of all of the protecting of countries, because I know that we’ll protect them, and if ever needed, if we ever needed help, they won’t be there for us. I’ve just known that for a long period of time.”

In fact, the only time NATO’s Article 5 mutual defense pact has been invoked in the organization’s 77-year history was after the 9/11 attacks, when the alliance came to the aid of America. Soldiers from Britain and other European nations died fighting in Iraq and Afghanistan.

Several European leaders explicitly rejected the president’s call to send their navies into harm’s way even as the U.S. and Israeli-led war continues to drive up the price of global energy.

“This is not our war; we did not start it,” Boris Pistorius, Germany’s defense minister, said on Monday morning. He said Germany wanted diplomatic solutions and “sending more warships to the region will likely not help achieve that.”

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Boris Pistorius shaking hands with a soldier in a green beret and gray uniform, while other soldiers stand alongside.
Defense Minister Boris Pistorius of Germany shaking hands with a soldier, in Berlin on Monday.Credit...Nadja Wohlleben/Reuters

Earlier this month, Mr. Macron had said he supported the idea of sending French naval ships to escort tankers through the strait, though he said it could happen only after the fighting stopped. On Monday, the French foreign ministry posted on social media that its navy was staying in the eastern Mediterranean: “Posture has not changed: defensive it is.”

The economic pressures on European officials are real, with prices for gasoline and heating oil already spiking and voters expressing dismay about the effect on their pocketbooks.

But so is the sense of déjà vu. Leaders in Europe and around the world remember the last time an American president called on allies to assemble forces in the Middle East. In many parts of Europe the 2003 invasion of Iraq is seen as a costly mistake, driven by faulty intelligence at the insistence of former President George W. Bush.

In the current conflict the risks are once again enormous. Do nothing and stand by as prices surge, potentially ruining the chances for economic growth and sowing anger among people who are struggling to make ends meet. Or join the fight and face the possibility of military losses that trigger an even deeper engagement with Iran and its terror proxies.

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Keir Starmer speaks in front of a lectern to assembled journalists, with two British flags behind him.
British Prime Minister Keir Starmer speaking at a news conference on the situation in the Middle East, in London on Monday.Credit...Pool photo by Brook Mitchell

And they have to navigate Mr. Trump’s longstanding accusation that NATO countries are laggards when it comes to their own defense.

Nick Carter, Britain’s former chief of the defense staff, said in an interview with BBC Radio that it would be inappropriate for NATO forces to join the United States and Israel in their war against Iran.

NATO was created as “a defensive alliance, and all of its articles are essentially oriented towards the defense,” he said. “It was not an alliance that was designed for one of the allies to go on a war of choice and then oblige everybody else to follow.”

Mr. Starmer, who has been repeatedly attacked by Mr. Trump for not participating in the initial attack against Iran, reiterated that point in his news conference.

“Let me be clear, that won’t be and it’s never been envisioned as a NATO mission,” he said.

Italian Foreign Minister Antonio Tajani also downplayed expectations that Italy’s navy would be drawn into protecting oil tankers through the Strait of Hormuz. An Italian missile frigate is in an allied strike group accompanying France’s aircraft carrier, but so far its operations are limited to the eastern Mediterranean.

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Tankers sailing on a choppy sea.
Tankers sail in the Gulf, near the Strait of Hormuz, last week.Credit...Reuters

“We are not involved in military operations in the Strait of Hormuz,” Mr. Tajani told the Italian television program TG 4 on Sunday.

He said that Italy “never said — but neither did France, no other European country has offered to send military ships to force a passage through the Strait of Hormuz.”

An Italian aircraft was destroyed on Sunday by a drone attack on the Ali Al Salem base in Kuwait that also houses American troops, but the Italian military said none of its personnel were injured.

On Monday, the Polish foreign minister, Radoslaw Sikorski, said that Polish leaders had also “ruled out” sending Polish forces into the conflict against Iran.

Regarding Hormuz, “there hasn’t been any discussion within the government on this matter yet,” Mr. Sikorski said in Brussels. “It’s a bit worrying that President Trump refers to NATO as ‘them’ or ‘Europe’ rather than ‘us’. There are procedures in place. From what I understand, these haven’t yet been initiated within NATO.”

Kaja Kallas, the European Union’s top diplomat, said on Monday that the European Union would not expand a maritime operation known as “Operation Aspides” in the Middle East to help protect commercial traffic in the Strait of Hormuz.

“This is not Europe’s war, but Europe’s interests are directly at stake,” Ms. Kallas said, after meeting with foreign ministers from across the 27-nation bloc in Brussels. She added: “For the time being, there was no appetite in changing the mandate of the Operation Aspides.”

Jim Tankersley and Steven Erlanger contributed from Berlin. Jeanna Smialek contributed from Brussels. Lara Jakes contributed reporting from Rome.

Sanam Mahoozi

Iran will hold a memorial ceremony on Monday for Ali Shamkhani, one of the top advisors to the country’s former supreme leader Ayatollah Ali Khamenei. Khamenei and Shamkhani were both killed on Feb. 28, the first day of U.S.-Israeli strikes on Iran. Shamkhani previously commanded Iran’s regular navy and also the Revolutionary Guards naval force. He was severely wounded during the Israel-Iran war last year.

Emmett Lindner

The International Energy Agency could release additional oil reserves “as and if needed,” Fatih Birol, its executive director, said on Monday. The agency previously said it would release 400 million barrels from member country reserves to shore up supplies and ease the market. The current release “can provide a buffer for now,” Birol said, but “it is not a lasting solution.” He added that the I.E.A. would still have over 1.4 billion barrels of oil after this release is completed.

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Credit...Tom Nicholson/Getty Images
Johnatan Reiss

Reporting from Tel Aviv

Israel intends to continue attacking Hezbollah in Lebanon but is open to eventual talks with the Lebanese government to stop the fighting, Israel’s ambassador to the United Nations, Danny Danon, said in a news briefing on Monday. There have been efforts to mediate between Israel and Lebanon but, Danon said, “you can achieve talks and make them effective when you degrade the capabilities of your enemy.”

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Credit...Michael M. Santiago/Getty Images
Isabel Kershner

Reporting from Jerusalem

Israel denies it is running out of missile interceptors.

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Men in black hats in the foreground look toward a building damaged by an Iranian missile attack in Israel.
Workers at the site of a building damaged by an Iranian strike in Bnei Brak, Israel, on Sunday. Israel has intercepted most of the projectiles Iran has fired, but some have penetrated the country’s air defenses.Credit...Avishag Shaar-Yashuv for The New York Times

The Israeli military has denied reports that it is running out of missile interceptors more than two weeks into the war with Iran, saying it had “prepared for prolonged combat.”

Lt. Col. Nadav Shoshani, a military spokesman, told reporters on Monday that Iran was firing far fewer missiles at Israel than the military had contended with at other times in the past two years of regional wars. He added that he was not aware of any “urgent problem” with the stock of interceptors, adding that Israel had prepared for a “larger threat.”

On Sunday, the military said in a statement that it was monitoring the situation and that “as of now” there was “no interceptor shortage.”

Israel’s foreign minister, Gideon Saar, has also denied that the military was running short of interceptors.

The comments follow a report by the news site Semafor over the weekend, which said that Israel had informed the United States that it was “running critically low on ballistic missile interceptors.” The report cited unnamed American officials.

Israel’s Ministry of Defense declined to comment on whether Israel had requested additional interceptors from the United States.

Colonel Shoshani said that whenever Israel is engaged in a broad operation that goes on for weeks, “there is a process of re-equipping in real time,” whether through local production or purchasing from abroad.

Israel and the United States have been waging a joint air campaign against Iran since Feb. 28, prompting Iran to launch daily volleys of ballistic missiles at Israel, more than 600 miles away.

Iran has fired more than 300 ballistic missiles toward Israel, about half of which carried cluster munitions, according to data gathered by the Institute for National Security Studies at Tel Aviv University.

Hezbollah, the Iran-backed militant group based in Lebanon, has fired more than 1,000 shorter range rockets and drones toward Israel since March 2, according to Colonel Shoshani.

In early March, Hezbollah fired rockets in support of Iran, prompting waves of devastating Israeli strikes on Lebanon. Hezbollah has answered with persistent rocket attacks on Israel.

Israel has intercepted most of the projectiles, using different types of interceptors, though some incoming fire from either Iran or Lebanon have penetrated the country’s air defenses.

During Israel’s 12-day war against Iran in June, Iran fired more than 500 ballistic missiles at Israel and the United States provided missile defense assistance.

As well as defensive measures, Israeli forces have prioritized attacking Iran’s launching capabilities to reduce missile fire.

Colonel Shoshani said that about 70 percent of Iran’s missile launchers have been rendered inoperable — either destroyed, broken or made inaccessible — and that they were being “hunted in real time” by Israeli and American eyes in the sky.

Erica L. Green

White House reporter

President Trump announced on social media that he would hold a news conference before an 11:45 a.m. meeting with members of the Kennedy Center board.

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Credit...Anna Rose Layden for The New York Times
Erica L. Green

White House reporter

Karoline Leavitt, the White House press secretary, said on Monday that President Trump’s upcoming trip to China later this month may be delayed because of the war against Iran. Trump and Chinese leader Xi Jinping are expected to discuss a range of issues in the high-stakes meeting, including trade and Taiwan. “The dates may be moved,” Leavitt said. “As commander-in-chief, it’s his No. 1 priority right now to ensure the continued success of this operation, Epic Fury.”

On Sunday, Trump threatened in an interview that he may delay the meeting as he called on China​ and other nations to help reopen the Strait of Hormuz.

Christopher F. Schuetze

Reporting from Berlin

Stefan Kornelius, the German government spokesman, reiterated Germany’s unwillingness to send its military to help defend the Strait of Hormuz and warned that Israel’s ground offensive in Lebanon could worsen humanitarian conditions. For that reason, “we are also urging our Israeli friends not to go down this path,” he said during a news conference in Berlin on Monday.

Aaron Boxerman

Reporting from Jerusalem

In Israel, criticism of the government’s strategy against Iran and Hezbollah has been muted so far. Opinion polls suggest most Israelis support the campaigns. But Yair Golan, leader of the left-wing Democrats party, said on Monday that the government’s decision to expand its ground incursion in Lebanon risked “a forever war.” Golan, a former general, said Israel “must exhaust every diplomatic option” before launching an invasion. So far, the Israeli government has publicly rebuffed Lebanese and French initiatives for a cease-fire.

Nick Cumming-Bruce

Reporting from Geneva

U.N. human rights experts called on Monday for an immediate de-escalation of the war with Iran, citing the harm to civilians from U.S. and Israeli airstrikes and the ferocious repression of anti-government protests by the Iranian authorities.

Mai Sato, a U.N. expert monitoring Iran, told the Human Rights Council in Geneva that the U.S.-Israeli strikes were unlawful and had reportedly cost more than 1,000 civilian lives. The experts said that more than 7,000 Iranians were credibly reported to have died in the government crackdown earlier this year and that at least 30 protesters still faced execution.

Christina Goldbaum and Dayana Iwaza

Reporting from Beirut, Lebanon

Like many others from the border area, Iman Ibrahim fears that the Israeli military is laying the groundwork for occupying parts of southern Lebanon, much like it did after invading in 1982. The Israeli military has issued sweeping evacuation orders for much of the south, stretching as far as 25 miles from the border, and Israel Katz, the Israeli defense minister, has warned that Lebanon could face territorial losses unless Hezbollah is disarmed.

“I feel like this is preparation for an occupation, and I’m afraid history will repeat itself,” Ibrahim said. “Everything we used to hear from our grandparents about occupation, we’re living it now.”

Christina Goldbaum and Dayana Iwaza

Reporting from Beirut, Lebanon

Israel’s widening ground assault in southern Lebanon has heightened fears among Lebanese living in border villages that they will not be able to return home soon. “The idea that we might not return to our homes, to the people of the village, feels like a part of my identity is being taken away from me,” said Iman Ibrahim, 30, who fled her village, Blida, when the war between Hezbollah and Israel escalated this month.

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Credit...Agence France-Presse — Getty Images
Elisabetta Povoledo

Pope Leo XIV received a call from Mahmoud Abbas, president of the Palestinian Authority, on Monday, and their topics of conversation included the “alarming developments in the Middle East.” Pope Leo “reaffirmed the Holy See’s commitment to achieving peace through political and diplomatic dialogue, as well as through full respect for international law,” the Vatican said.

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Credit...Matteo Minnella/Reuters
Eric Schmitt

Reporting from Washington

Adm. Brad Cooper, the head of Central Command, showed several before-and-after photos of American air strikes hitting Iran’s military industrial complex, including missile factories. The goal is to destroy Iran’s ability to fight back and threaten the region, he said. 

Eric Schmitt

Reporting from Washington

Adm. Brad Cooper, the head of Central Command, said that Iran had carried out more than 300 attacks by missiles or drones at more than a dozen countries since the war started. Even as Admiral Cooper heralded the American military successes in the campaign, he offered no detailed explanation of how the U.S. would reopen the Strait of Hormuz, the strategic waterway that Iran has effectively closed. He also did not say how much longer the war would last, and only repeated an earlier assessment: “Iran’s capabilities are declining as our capabilities and advantages continue to build.” 

Eric Schmitt

Reporting from Washington

Adm. Brad Cooper, the head of U.S. Central Command, said on Monday that the U.S. attack on Friday against Iranian military sites on Kharg Island, the country’s oil export hub, destroyed more than 90 targets, including bunkers for naval mines and missiles. In 16 days of combat, American attack planes have carried out more than 6,000 combat missions, destroying more than 100 Iranian naval vessels, he said. 

Christopher F. Schuetze

Reporting from Berlin

Germany rejected a U.S. demand for military support to help reopen the Strait of Hormuz, after President Trump warned that it would be bad for NATO if American allies did not do more to help.“This is not our war; we did not start it,” Boris Pistorius, the German defense minister, said at a news conference in Berlin on Monday. “We want diplomatic solutions and a swift end to the conflict, but sending more warships to the region will likely not help achieve that,” he said.

“What does Donald Trump expect from, say, a handful or two of European frigates in the Strait of Hormuz?” he added. “He needs them to achieve what the mighty U.S. Navy cannot manage on its own there, is that it? That’s the question I’m asking myself.”

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Credit...Altaf Qadri/Associated Press
Megan Specia

Reporting from London

Prime Minister Keir Starmer did not say if Britain would send warships to the Persian Gulf after President Trump called for the government to help reopen the Strait of Hormuz. But Starmer urged a “swift resolution” to the conflict and said a “negotiated agreement” was needed to limit Iran’s nuclear program after the war ended.

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Credit...Pool photo by Brook Mitchell
Megan Specia

Reporting from London

Prime Minister Keir Starmer of Britain said on Monday that his government was working with allies on a viable plan to reopen the Strait of Hormuz but cautioned that Britain would not be “drawn into wider war,” hours after a call with President Trump.

Trump has repeatedly lashed out at Starmer for his initial refusal to join the U.S.-Israeli military campaign against Iran. But Starmer said at a news conference that he had a good relationship with the president, and stood by his decision for British forces to only take part in defensive actions to protect British interests and regional allies.

Alan Rappeport

Reporting from Washington

Treasury Secretary Scott Bessent suggested on CNBC that sanctions on Russian oil exports would be reimposed when the conflict in Iran is over, and oil supplies have recovered. Last week, President Trump lifted the sanctions as the administration scrambles to contain soaring energy prices because of the war with Iran.

Alan Rappeport

Reporting from Washington

Treasury Secretary Scott Bessent dismissed as rumors recent suggestions that the U.S. could intervene in oil markets financially, such as by shorting futures, and told CNBC that he was not sure under what authority Treasury could take such actions.

Alan Rappeport

Reporting from Washington

Treasury Secretary Scott Bessent said that the U.S. has been allowing Iranian ships to transit through the Strait of Hormuz, and was hopeful that more ships would soon be able to pass through the vital oil supply route. “We’ve let that happen to supply the rest of the world,” he told CNBC.

Alan Rappeport

Reporting from Washington

Treasury Secretary Scott Bessent has said that it was unclear if President Trump’s summit in Beijing with Chinese leader Xi Jinping, set to begin at the end of this month, would be rescheduled. Bessent, who is in Paris meeting with his Chinese counterpart to discuss plans for the summit, told CNBC that any delay would be because Trump chose to stay in the United States while waging the war against Iran, not because of a disruption in U.S. relations with China. Bessent said that the U.S. and China would release a statement in the coming days, reaffirming the stability of the relationship between the world’s two largest economies.

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Credit...Eric Lee for The New York Times
Ravi Mattu

Reporting from London

Trump’s threat to pull out of Xi summit casts new shadow over China relations.

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Two people in dark suits pose, one with an arm on the other's shoulder. Behind them, an American flag is between two Chinese flags.
President Trump and Xi Jinping, China’s leader, at their last in-person meeting in Busan, South Korea, in October.Credit...Haiyun Jiang/The New York Times

President Trump has threatened to postpone a long-planned summit with Chinese leader Xi Jinping as he called on China to send warships to help reopen the Strait of Hormuz, casting a new shadow over the relationship between the world’s two biggest economies.

Mr. Trump told the Financial Times on Sunday that he “may delay” the meeting, which is expected to start on March 31 in Beijing, if China does not answer his demand to help reopen the strait to shipping in the next two weeks. Mr. Trump said that waiting until the summit for an answer may be too long.

“We’d like to know before that,” he said.

China is one of several countries that have responded cautiously to Mr. Trump’s demands for naval assistance to thwart Iran’s efforts to block the strait, which is a transit route for about a fifth of the world’s oil. China, the biggest buyer of Iranian oil, has not responded directly to Mr. Trump’s remarks but has previously called for the cessation of hostilities.

A spokesman for China’s foreign ministry said on Monday that officials from both countries were discussing plans for the summit, and stressed that direct discussions between the leaders were essential.

“Head-of-state diplomacy plays an irreplaceable, strategic guiding role in China-U.S. relations,” Lin Jian, the spokesman, told reporters at a daily briefing in Beijing.

In Paris, Treasury Secretary Scott Bessent was holding a second day of talks with He Lifeng, his Chinese counterpart, to finalize preparations for the meeting. They were scheduled to speak to reporters on Monday afternoon local time.

Mr. Bessent told CNBC on Monday that any delay would be because Mr. Trump chose to stay in the United States during the war with Iran, rather than because of a disruption to U.S.-China relations.

Karoline Leavitt, the White House press secretary, later reaffirmed that the trip may be delayed because of the war. “As commander-in-chief, it’s his No. 1 priority right now to ensure the continued success of this operation, Epic Fury,” she said.

Mr. Xi invited Mr. Trump to visit Beijing when the leaders met in Busan, South Korea last October.

Steve Tsang, director of the SOAS China Institute in London, said China would see the Trump administration’s mixed messaging about the summit as more evidence of how the president’s erratic behavior is damaging the United States’ credibility.

“From Beijing’s perspective, Trump is projecting weakness, not strength, and much as the war can hurt the Chinese economy, it is likely to hurt the U.S. and its global capacity and standing even more,” Mr. Tsang said.

“So, the best option for Beijing is to sit pretty rather than engage proactively,” he added.

Since the start of the war in the Middle East late last month, the price of oil has soared above $100 a barrel. Israel has targeted Iranian oil facilities and the United States has hit military sites on Kharg Island, where about 90 percent of Iran’s oil exports are processed. Iran has retaliated by effectively closing the Strait of Hormuz and launching missile and drone strikes against the oil infrastructure of U.S. allies in the Persian Gulf.

Mr. Trump has previously said that the United States and Israel did not require help from other countries to conduct their military campaign against Iran. But in recent days, he has criticized European and Asian allies for not participating in the attacks.

Aaron Boxerman

Reporting from Jerusalem

Israel Katz, the Israeli defense minister, said on Monday that country’s military had launched a “ground maneuver” in southern Lebanon against Hezbollah, the Iran-backed armed group, effectively expanding a ground invasion there. Israeli troops have been gradually widening a buffer zone they control inside Lebanon for days, the military said on Monday, before ramping up the assault.

Israel has warned hundreds of thousands of Lebanese to flee their homes ahead of Israeli attacks since the conflict with Hezbollah escalated, displacing more than 800,000 people in the country. It is unclear, however, how far Israeli troops have been ordered to advance.

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Credit...Avi Ohayon/Reuters
Sanam Mahoozi

Iran’s Minister of Foreign Affairs, Abbas Araghchi, vowed to continue the fight against the United States and Israel, saying in a statement on social media that the Iranian government planned “to continue the war as far as necessary.” He added that the Iranian government’s aim is to end the war “in such a way that our enemies will never again think of repeating these attacks and this aggression.”

Sanam Mahoozi

Iran’s Foreign Ministry warned on Monday that the Iranian government would not allow any ships from countries it deems hostile to pass through Strait of Hormuz. “The Strait of Hormuz will not be open to any country intending to harm Iran,” Esmail Baghaei, a spokesman for the foreign ministry, said in a statement carried by state media. “The armed forces are controlling the transit, and no country will be able to use the Strait of Hormuz to strike against Iran.”

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Credit...Reuters
Aaron Boxerman

Reporting from Jerusalem

The Israeli military said it was launching more attacks across Iran on Monday, including in Tehran and the cities of Shiraz and Tabriz.

Jeanna Smialek

Brussels bureau chief

Dan Jorgensen, the European Union’s energy commissioner, said on Monday that European officials were watching fuel markets warily. “We are very well aware that we need to not only monitor the situation,” he told reporters ahead of a meeting of European energy ministers in Brussels. “We need to also prepare, because the situation can escalate even further, and we need to be ready for also deploying short term measures to try and help member states in that situation.”

Jeanna Smialek

Brussels bureau chief

Kaja Kallas, the top European Union diplomat, responded on Monday to President Trump’s warning that NATO faces a “very bad” future if U.S. allies do not help to reopen the Strait of Hormuz. “It is in our interest to keep the Strait of Hormuz open, and that’s why we are also discussing what we can do in this regard,” she told reporters on Monday morning, ahead of a meeting of foreign ministers in Brussels. What steps Europe can take to secure the key shipping route is high on today’s agenda.

Aaron Boxerman

Reporting from Jerusalem

The Israeli military said it was expanding its ground assault on Monday in southern Lebanon, where Israeli soldiers have been carving out a de facto buffer zone in their fight with Hezbollah, the Iran-backed armed group.

While previous Israeli raids had mostly focused on the immediate border area, Nadav Shoshani, the Israeli military spokesman, said Israeli forces were now pressing into “new areas.” He declined to comment on the scope of the operation.

Many Lebanese fear Israel could soon launch a much more sweeping invasion of the country’s south — a scenario for which Israeli military planners have been preparing. The Israeli military has already demanded residents across southern Lebanon flee their homes, leading hundreds of thousands to evacuate. Asked whether Israeli forces intended to hold the areas into which they were advancing, Shoshani said that had yet to be determined.

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Credit...Agence France-Presse — Getty Images
Alexandra Stevenson and Murphy Zhao

Reporting from Hong Kong

Asked about Trump’s comment that he might postpone his planned trip to China later this month if Beijing does not help to unblock the Strait of Hormuz, a spokesman for China’s foreign ministry said that both sides were still discussing Trump’s visit.

“Head-of-state diplomacy plays an irreplaceable, strategic guiding role in China-U.S. relations,” Lin Jian, the spokesman, told reporters in Beijing. He added that China was “committed” to de-escalating the conflict in the Middle East and was maintaining communication “with all relevant parties regarding the current situation.”

The New York Times

Oil holds above $100 a barrel as worries persist about global supplies.

Oil prices hovered near multiyear highs and stocks on Wall Street rose on Monday as investors continued to weigh implications of the U.S.-Israeli war with Iran.

Oil hovers above $100 a barrel.

  • The price of Brent crude, the global benchmark for oil, settled at just over $100 a barrel on Monday after falling about 3 percent. Brent has gained 38 percent since the U.S. and Israel first attacked Iran at the end of February.

Price of Brent Crude Oil

Notes: Data shows future contract prices for Brent crude oil. Data delayed at least 15 minutes.

Source: FactSet.

The New York Times

  • West Texas Intermediate crude, the U.S. benchmark, settled at $93.50 a barrel, after a 5.3 percent drop. W.T.I futures are up almost 40 percent since the start of the war.

  • Investors and analysts across the world are focused on the Strait of Hormuz, the narrow waterway between Iran and Oman that is a vital trading route for oil and natural gas, which normally carries as much as one-fifth of the world’s oil supply. Shipping traffic exiting the Persian Gulf through the strait has been effectively halted and tankers are stranded because of the risk that vessels could be attacked.

  • The International Energy Agency, whose members have already agreed to release 400 million barrels from their reserves, said on Monday that it could release additional oil reserves “as and if needed,” but added that drawing from the stockpiles was not a lasting solution to the supply disruption.

Stocks on Wall Street climb.

S&P 500

Note: Data delayed at least 15 minutes.

Source: FactSet.

The New York Times

  • The S&P 500 rose 1 percent, recouping some of its losses from last week when it dropped about 1.6 percent. The Wall Street benchmark is down 2.6 percent since the start of the war.

  • The Stoxx 600, a broad European index, ended 0.4 percent higher. The index is down close to 6 percent since the start of the war.

  • Stocks in Asia, where countries import vast quantities of oil and gas, were mixed on Monday. Japan’s Nikkei 225 is down nearly 9 percent since the start of the war, while South Korea’s benchmark index has dropped closer to 11 percent.

Gasoline prices are up 25 percent since war began.

Price of Gasoline in the U.S.

Note: Data is U.S. average price of unleaded gasoline.

Source: AAA.

By The New York Times

  • Gas prices rose again on Monday, jumping to a national average of nearly $3.72 a gallon, according to the AAA motor club. The increase has raised the cost for drivers by 25 percent since the war began.

  • Gas prices don’t move in lock step with crude, usually trailing increases or drops by a few days.

  • Diesel prices have increased even more quickly and stood at $4.99 on Monday, up 33 percent since the start of the war.

Yan Zhuang

Australia does not intend to send ships to the Strait of Hormuz, Catherine King, the transport minister, said on Monday, after President Trump called over the weekend for other countries to help end the de facto Iranian blockade of the waterway. “We know how incredibly important that is, but that’s not something that we’ve been asked or that we’re contributing to,” King told Australia’s national broadcaster.

Aaron Boxerman

Reporting from Jerusalem

The local authorities said a missile fell on a civilian vehicle in Abu Dhabi in the United Arab Emirates, killing a Palestinian national. The statement did not say where the missile was from, but Iran has lobbed scores of missiles and drones at the country as part of its retaliation for the American-Israeli air war.

Yan Zhuang

Dubai International Airport is beginning to resume operations after flights there were suspended early Monday because a drone damaged a fuel tank near the airport, sparking a fire, the Dubai Media Office said. The fire has been brought under control and there were no injuries, the office said. Emirates said on its website that some flights scheduled for Monday have been canceled and that it expected to operate a limited schedule from 10 a.m. onward.

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Credit...-/Agence France-Presse — Getty Images
Erika Solomon

Reporting from Iraq

The Iran-allied militia, Kataib Hezbollah, said it launched two drone strikes at the U.S. diplomatic logistics site at Baghdad International Airport early Monday. An Iraqi official who was not authorized to speak publicly said both strikes were intercepted.

Javier Hernandez

Prime Minister Sanae Takaichi of Japan is facing pressure on Monday to clarify how she would respond if President Trump pushes her to send warships to the Strait of Hormuz when she meets with him this week in Washington.

“The Japanese government is currently considering how to take the necessary measures,” she said during an appearance before Japan’s Parliament. “Of course, this will be within the scope of Japanese law, but we are considering how to protect the lives of Japanese-related vessels and their crews, and what we can do.”

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Credit...Tomohiro Ohsumi/Getty Images
Ephrat Livni

International breaking news reporter

The Israeli military has twice in about two hours said that it had detected Iranian missile launches toward Israel, told people in affected areas to seek shelter and less than a half hour later signaled the danger was over. Israel’s emergency services, Magen David Adom, said that no casualties were reported, but that its teams had treated some people injured on the way to shelters and others who suffered from anxiety following the first set of sirens. After the second set of sirens, it said that paramedics had “set out to scan the scene” and that an update would follow “if necessary.”

Victoria Kim

Reporting from Sydney, Australia

A fifth member of Iran’s national women’s soccer team who had sought asylum in Australia has reversed her decision and left the country, the Australian government confirmed on Monday. The country had granted seven members of the team humanitarian visas after they were labeled “traitors” in Iranian state media for failing to sing the national anthem at a time of war, in an apparent act of silent protest during an Asian Cup match in Melbourne.

Ephrat Livni

International breaking news reporter

The Dubai Media Office said early on Monday morning in the Middle East that authorities there were responding to a fire from “a drone-related incident in the vicinity of Dubai International Airport” that had caused damage to a fuel tank. Civil defense teams were bringing the fire under control and no injuries had been reported so far, it said. The airport is normally among the world’s busiest, but it has contended with multiple drone attacks in recent weeks.

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Credit...Reuters
Ephrat Livni

International breaking news reporter

The Israeli military said early on Monday morning in the Middle East that it was targeting government infrastructure in Tehran with a “broad wave of attacks,” after having conducted strikes earlier in Beirut, Lebanon.

Ravi Mattu

Reporting from London

Trump’s call for countries to send warships to the Strait of Hormuz gets a cautious response.

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A man in a blue suit and red tie speaks. There is a group of photographers behind him.
President Trump in the White House on Thursday.Credit...Doug Mills/The New York Times

President Trump’s call for some countries not involved in the U.S.-Israeli attack on Iran to send ships to help reopen the Strait of Hormuz has received cautious responses.

Mr. Trump named China, Britain, France, Japan and South Korea in a social media post on Saturday, urging them to join an effort to guard the waterway, a conduit for a fifth of the world’s oil shipments.

On Sunday, he warned that NATO faced a “very bad” future if members of the alliance did not help to open the Strait of Hormuz, adding that Europe was more reliant on Middle Eastern oil than the United States. “It’s only appropriate that people who are the beneficiaries of the Strait will help to make sure that nothing bad happens there,” he told the Financial Times.

Mr. Trump also threatened to delay a summit with China’s leader, Xi Jinping, which is expected to begin at the end of the month in Beijing.

Here is how governments have responded so far:

  • Germany: Germany rejected the U.S. demand. “This is not our war; we did not start it,” Boris Pistorius said at a news conference in Berlin on Monday. “We want diplomatic solutions and a swift end to the conflict, but sending more warships to the region will likely not help achieve that,” he added.

  • European Union: “It is in our interest to keep the Strait of Hormuz open, and that’s why we are also discussing what we can do in this regard,” Kaja Kallas, the top E.U. diplomat, told reporters on Monday. She was speaking before a meeting of European foreign ministers, who were expected to discuss what E.U. countries can do to protect the strait.

  • Britain: Prime Minister Keir Starmer said on Monday that his government was working with allies on a viable plan to reopen the strait but cautioned that Britain would not be “drawn into wider war,” a day after speaking with Mr. Trump about the strait and the disruptions to global shipping. Mr. Starmer did not say if Britain would send warships to the Gulf, but he urged a “swift resolution” to the conflict.

  • Australia: Australia does not intend to send ships to the Strait of Hormuz, Catherine King, the transport minister, said on Monday. “We know how incredibly important that is, but that’s not something that we’ve been asked or that we’re contributing to,” Ms. King told Australia’s national broadcaster.

  • Japan: Prime Minister Sanae Takaichi told Parliament on Monday that Japan had no plans to send warships to the Persian Gulf. Japan’s pacifist constitution limits military engagement in wars and a senior Japanese official had previously warned that any decision to deploy warships would face “high hurdles.” Takayuki Kobayashi, policy chief of the ruling Liberal Democratic Party, told the Japanese public broadcaster NHK on Sunday that the country would have to be cautious. The issue may come up during Ms. Takaichi’s planned meeting with Mr. Trump in Washington on Thursday.

  • China: China, the biggest buyer of Iranian oil, has not responded directly to Mr. Trump’s remarks but has previously called for the cessation of hostilities. On Monday, Lin Jian, a spokesman for China’s foreign ministry, said the two sides were still discussing Mr. Trump’s planned visit to Beijing. The spokesman reiterated that China was committed to de-escalating the conflict.

  • France: France has also not responded directly to Mr. Trump’s call publicly. President Emmanuel Macron has said that he would be willing to use the French navy to escort ships but only if the conflict stabilized. On Sunday, Mr. Macron wrote on social media that he had spoken with President Masoud Pezeshkian of Iran and told him that Tehran needed to ensure freedom of navigation through the Strait of Hormuz and reopen it to shipping.

  • South Korea: The office of President Lee Jae Myung of South Korea said in a statement that it would “communicate closely with the United States,” but did not make any commitments.

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